Utilizing Game Theory for Energy-Aware Routing in Wireless Sensor Networks

In recent years an efficient design of a Wireless Sensor Network has become a leading area of research. A Sensor is a device that responds and detects some type of input from both the physical or environmental conditions, such as pressure, heat, light, etc. The output of the sensor is generally an electrical signal that is transmitted to a controller for further processing. A Wireless sensor network can be defined as a network of devices that can communicate the information gathered from a monitored field through wireless links. The data is forwarded through multiple nodes, and with a gateway, the data is connected to other networks like wireless Ethernet. WSN is a wireless network that consists of base stations and numbers of nodes (wireless sensors ). The more modern networks are bi-directional, also enabling control of sensor activity. The development of wireless sensor networks was motivated by military application such as battlefield surveillance; today such networks are used in many industrial and consumer applications, such as industrial process monitoring and control, machine health monitoring, and so on. The cost of sensor nodes is similarly variable, ranging from a few to hundreds of dollars, depending on the complexity of the individual sensor nodes. Size and cost constraints on sensor nodes result in corresponding constraints on resources such as energy, memory, computational speed, and communications bandwidth . The topology of the WSNs can vary from a simple star network to an advanced multi-hop wireless mesh network. The propagation technique between the