大學英語報刊選讀教程：讀與寫（簡體書）

Barre-Sinoussi and Montagnier were awarded for their discovery of human immunodeficiency virus, or HIV.
When the firsf cases of what is now known as AIDS appeared in 1981, no one knew the cause.Still, for a series of reasons, some scientists suspected a family of viruses known as retroviruses.As it turned out, the actual culprit, HIV, resides in that family.
One of the first to start the search for the viruses was Dr.Robert Gallo, then at the Nahonal Cancer Institute.Gallo had previously found two other viruses called HTLV-1 and HTLV-2 that caused rare blood cancers.Gallo was, and is, a fiercely competitive man.In the opinion of many, he is also bombastic, condescending and often cruel.
At the same time a group of young French scientists led by Dr.Barre-Sinoussi started looking for retroviruses as a cause.French research is far more hierarchical than American science, so Barre-Sinoussi could work only under the authority of the director of the Pasteur Institute, the government institution where she held an appointment.
Dr.Montagnier, the director, is an authoritarian, aloof figure.He knew little ofretroviruses, and Barre-Sinoussi and her colleagues had to spend many afternoons explaining to him what a retrovirus was and why they believed one to be the cause of the new disease.
In early 1983, the young French scientists found a suspect virus they called LAV (Iymphadenopathy-associated virus).Montagnier published those findings in May 1983 so that other researchers could test his results, the standard way science works.
In July, the Pasteur Institute sent a sample of LAV to Gallo.Another sample of LAV was sent in September.By December, Gallos lab was successfully cultivating LAV.
Charges of stolen virus
But Gallo believed AIDS had to be caused by some kind of HTLV.At a meeting in a ski resort in Utah, Montagnier presented his findings.According to those present, Gallo abused him verbally with a memorable viciousness.Part of the problem was Montagniers limited command of both English and retroviruses.Clearly, Gallo sensed an impending battle and wanted to draw the first blood.
Later that December, Gallo published a paper claiming he had found the virus and he dubbed it HTLⅤ-Ⅲ.