當代科技英語閱讀教程（簡體書）

Chances are， most people Will get hacked at some point in their lifetime. The bestthey can do is delay the inevitable by avoiding suspicious links， even from friends，and manage their passwords. Unfortunately， good password hygiene is likeflossing-you know its important， but it takes effort. How do you possibly comeup with different， hard-to-crack passwords for every single news， social network，Ecommerce， banking， corporate and E-mail account and still remember them all？To answer that question， I called two of the most （justifiably） paranoid people Iknow， Jeremiah Grossman and Paul Kocher， to find out how they keep theirinformation safe. Mr. Grossman was the first hacker to demonstrate how easilysomebody can break into a computers webcam and microphone through a Webbrowser. He is now chiefteclmology officer at WhiteHat Security， an Intemet andnetwork security firm， where he is frequently targeted by cybercriminals. Mr.Kocher， a well-known cryptographer， gained notice for clever hacks on securitysystems. He now runs Cryptography Research， a security firm that specializes inkeeping systems hacker-resistant. Here were their tips：
FORGET THE DICTIONARY If your password can be found in a dictionary，you might as well not have one. "The worst passwords are dictionary words or asmall number of insertions or changes to words that are in the dictionary，" said Mr.Kocher. Hackers will often test passwords from a dictionary or aggregated frombreaches. If your password is not in that set， hackers will typically move on.
NEVER USE THE SAME PASSWORD TWICE People tend to use the samepassword across multiple sites， a fact hackers regularly exploit. While crackinginto someones professional profile on Linkedln might not have dire consequences，hackers will use that password to crack into， say， someones e-mail， bank， orbrokerage account where more valuable financial and personal data is stored.
COME UP WITH A PASSPHRASE The longer your password， the longer it willtake to crack. A password should ideally be 14 characters or more in length if youwant to make it unerackable by an attacker in less than 24 hours. Because longerpasswords tend to be harder to remember， consider a passphrase， such as a favoritemovie quote， song lyric， or poem， and string together only the first one or twoletters of each word in the sentence.