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本書講述各種分析模式和輔助模式，專注于面向對象分析與設計的結果——模型本身，給出了來自金融貿易、測量、財務以及組織關係等多個領域內的一系列模式。書中每個模式都包含了設計背後的原理、使用的規則以及實現的技巧，給出的例子包含了有用模型的細節，并介紹了用于提高分析、建模和實現的重用技巧。 本書適用于面向對象的計算機分析人員和設計人員、數據建模人員、編程人員以及軟件工程師。
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作者：（美國）福勒（Martin Fowler）
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Contents Chapter 1. Introduction 1 1.1 Conceptual Models 1 1.2 The World of Patterns 4 1.3 The Patterns in this Book 8 1.4 Conceptual Models and Business Process Reengineering 10 1.5 Patterns and Frameworks 11 1.6 Using the Patterns 11 References 14 PART 1. Analysis Patterns 15 Chapter 2. Accountability 17 2.1 Party 18 2.2 Organization Hierarchies 19 2.3 Organization Structure 21 2.4 Accountability 22 2.5 Accountability Knowledge Level 24 2.6 Party Type Generalizations 27 2.7 Hierarchic Accountability 28 2.8 Operating Scopes 30 2.9 Post 32 References 33 Chapter 3. Observations and Measurements 35 3.1 Quantity 36 3.2 Conversion Ratio 38 3.3 Compound Units 39 3.4 Measurement 41 3.5 Observation 42 3.6 Subtyping Observation Concepts 46 3.7 Protocol 46 3.8 Dual Time Record 47 3.9 Rejected Observation 48 3.10 Active Observation, Hypothesis, and Projection 49 3.11 Associated Observation 50 3.12 Process of Observation 51 References 55 Chapter 4. Observations for Corporate Finance 57 4.1 Enterprise Segment 59 4.2 Measurement Protocol 65 4.3 Range 76 4.4 Phenomenon with Range 77 4.5 Using the Resulting Framework 82 References 83 Chapter 5. Referring to Objects 85 5.1 Name 86 5.2 Identification Scheme 88 5.3 Object Merge 90 5.4 Object Equivalence 92 References 93 Chapter 6. Inventory and Accounting 95 6.1 Account 97 6.2 Transactions 98 6.3 Summary Account 101 6.4 Memo Account 103 6.5 Posting Rules 104 6.6 Individual Instance Method 106 6.7 Posting Rule Execution 111 6.8 Posting Rules for Many Accounts 116 6.9 Choosing Entries 118 6.10 Accounting Practice 119 6.11 Sources of an Entry 122 6.12 Balance Sheet and Income Statement 123 6.13 Corresponding Account 124 6.14 Specialized Account Model 125 6.15 Booking Entries to Multiple Accounts 127 Further Reading 132 References 132 Chapter 7. Using the Accounting Models 133 7.1 Structural Models 134 7.2 Implementing the Structure 137 7.3 Setting Up New Phone Services 138 7.4 Setting Up Calls 142 7.5 Implementing Account-based Firing 143 7.6 Separating Calls into Day and Evening 143 7.7 Charging for Time 145 7.8 Calculating the Tax 148 7.9 Concluding Thoughts 150 References 155 Chapter 8. Planning 157 8.1 Proposed and Implemented Action 158 8.2 Completed and Abandoned Actions 160 8.3 Suspension 161 8.4 Plan 162 8.5 Protocol 165 8.6 Resource Allocation 168 8.7 Outcome and Start Functions 172 References 174 Chapter 9. Trading 175 9.1 Contract 176 9.2 Portfolio 180 9.3 Quote 185 9.4 Scenario 188 References 196 Chapter 10. Derivative Contracts 197 10.1 Forward Contracts 198 10.2 Options 200 10.3 Product 205 10.4 Subtype State Machines 211 10.5 Parallel Application and Domain Hierarchies 216 References 223 Chapter 11. Trading Packages 225 11.1 Multiple Access Levels to a Package 226 11.2 Mutual Visibility 230 11.3 Subtyping Packages 233 11.4 Concluding Thoughts 234 References 235 Part 2. Support Patterns 237 Chapter 12. Layered Architecture for Information Systems 239 12.1 Two-Tier Architecture 240 12.2 Three-Tier Architecture 242 12.3 Presentation and Application Logic 245 12.4 Database Interaction 251 12.5 Concluding Thoughts 255 References 256 Chapter 13. Application Facades 257 13.1 A Health Care Example 258 13.2 Contents of a Facade 259 13.3 Common Methods 262 13.4 Operations 264 13.5 Type Conversions 265 13.6 Multiple Facades 267 References 269 Chapter 14. Patterns for Type Model Design Templates 271 14.1 Implementing Associations 274 14.2 Implementing Generalization 281 14.3 Object Creation 289 14.4 Object Destruction 290 14.5 Entry Point 291 14.6 Implementing Constraints 294 14.7 Design Templates for Other Techniques 295 References 295 Chapter 15. Association Patterns 297 15.1 Associative Type 298 15.2 Keyed Mapping 301 15.3 Historic Mapping 303 References 307 Chapter 16. Afterword 309 References 310 Part 3. Appendix 311 Appendix A. Techniques and Notations 313 A.1 Type Diagrams 313 A.2 Interaction Diagrams 325 A.3 Event Diagrams 326 A.4 State Diagrams 327 A.5 Package Diagrams 328 References 330 Appendix B. Table of Patterns 331 Index 343
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