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人類逃離大一統帝國，才有繁榮與自由！統一vs分裂，全球帝國史．宏觀比較之作★現代經濟體系誕生的關鍵，始於羅馬帝國的消失不見綜觀人類歷史數千年，從東方的秦漢帝國到西方的羅馬帝國，大一統帝國堪稱歷史的常態。歐洲、東亞、南亞、中東與北非，大帝國幾乎無所不在。然而，本書作者席代爾主張，統一其實不利於制度競爭與經濟創新。如果人類過去從未逃離大一統帝國，那很可能就不會出現資本主義與工業革命，今天的我們也無法逃離無知、壓迫、匱乏與疾病。那場史無前例的「大逃離」，起源於一千多年前的歐洲：曾經統治高達八成歐洲人口的羅馬帝國，滅亡後再也沒有重建。歐洲從此逃離羅馬，逃離大一統帝國的宰制，進入長期競爭的列國體系。換句話說，羅馬帝國滅亡後的千年分裂，正是歐洲日後在十七、十八世紀得以率先走向現代化的先決條件。如果羅馬帝國沒有滅亡，或者羅馬式大帝國再度重建，那麼今天我們所熟知的現代經濟，以及現代經濟帶來的繁榮與自由，很可能也不會出現。★無法複製的羅馬經驗：從拜占庭到拿破崙的千年帝國「失敗史」大逃離如何可能？為了回答這個大哉問，本書首先要回顧羅馬帝國崛起的歷史。因為羅馬帝國當初得以稱霸歐洲的條件，正是攸關日後大一統帝國能否重建的關鍵。羅馬帝國為何崛起？席代爾指出，除了在地理上得天獨厚，羅馬人還打造了一套高度動員的經濟體系，變成了超級戰爭機器，因此稱霸了地中海，並在歐洲打造了史無前例的大帝國。為何羅馬式大帝國再也沒能重建？羅馬帝國滅亡後的歐洲，如何不斷成功逃離「大一統帝國的野心」？歐洲歷史上有沒有哪次經驗，是大一統帝國差點就要重新出現？好比說，如果拔都沒有下令撤軍，蒙古人是不是就能在歐洲建立媲美羅馬的大帝國？倘若拿破崙成功入侵英國，法蘭西是否就能統一歐洲？本書接著會分析拜占庭、阿拉伯、查理曼、德意志、蒙古、鄂圖曼、哈布斯堡與拿破崙等八個歐洲歷史上的關鍵時刻，藉由「反事實思考」的假設性思想實驗，逐一從天時、地利與人和等多重方面，檢證這些案例與羅馬帝國的條件差異，找出大一統帝國重建不能的根本原因。隨著重建大一統帝國的一次次失敗，歐洲逐漸形成了牢不可破的多中心列國體系與權力分立。當權力不再定於一尊，競爭成為新的常態。各國不斷競爭的結果，提高了創新的制度誘因，替日後的地理大發現、工業革命與現代化創造了新的可能與機會。★當中國陷入分久必合的陷阱，歐洲憑什麼擺脫統一的魔咒？同樣重要的問題是：為何只有歐洲逃離了大

The first in a brand new historical adventure series from million-copy-selling Caroline Lawrence, set in Roman Britain during the reign of the evil Emperor Domitian. The year is AD 94. When the evil E

The gripping story of how the end of the Roman Empire was the beginning of the modern worldThe fall of the Roman Empire has long been considered one of the greatest disasters in history. But in this g

The gripping story of how the end of the Roman Empire was the beginning of the modern world The fall of the Roman Empire has long been considered one of the greatest disasters in history. But in this groundbreaking book, Walter Scheidel argues that Rome's dramatic collapse was actually the best thing that ever happened, clearing the path for Europe's economic rise and the creation of the modern age. Ranging across the entire premodern world, Escape from Rome offers new answers to some of the biggest questions in history: Why did the Roman Empire appear? Why did nothing like it ever return to Europe? And, above all, why did Europeans come to dominate the world? In an absorbing narrative that begins with ancient Rome but stretches far beyond it, from Byzantium to China and from Genghis Khan to Napoleon, Scheidel shows how the demise of Rome and the enduring failure of empire-building on European soil launched an economic transformation that changed the continent and ultimately the world.

Cloelia, a young girl in ancient Rome held captive by an Etruscan king, plots an escape for forty hostages, but honors a pledge made to the king to return and the king, out of admiration, grants her a

The return of a cult icon! Murderers may escape the law, but they're not safe from the vengeance of the Crow in this all-new story.Follow David, the new Crow, through the streets of Rome, as he deals

During the German occupation of Rome from 1942–1944,Irishman Monsignor Hugh O’Flaherty ran an escape organizationfor Allied POWs and civilians, including Jews. Safe withinthe Vatican state, he regular

9780545639149 Rescue on the Oregon Trail (Ranger in Time #1)9780545639170 Danger in Ancient Rome (Ranger in Time #2)9780545639200 Long Road to Freedom (Ranger in Time #3)9780545639255 Race to the South Pole (Ranger in Time #4)9780545909785 Journey through Ash and Smoke (Ranger in Time #5)9780545909839 Escape from the Great Earthquake (Ranger in Time #6)9781338133905 D-Day ─ Battle on the Beach (Ranger in Time #7)9781338133950 Hurricane Katrina Rescue (Ranger in Time #8)9781338133981 Disaster on the Titanic (Ranger in Time #9)9781338134018 Night of Soldiers and Spies (Ranger in Time #10)9781338537949 Escape from the Twin Towers (Ranger in Time #11)9781338537963 Attack on Pearl Harbor (Ranger in Time #12)