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名人/編輯推薦
目次
商品簡介
本書共分三篇十八章。第一篇為振動基礎分析，主要包括旋轉機械振動基礎理論、轉子系統橫向振動分析、轉子系統扭轉振動分析、轉子和軸系現場動平衡理論；第二篇為振動檢測和診斷技術，主要包括轉子橫向振動的測量與分析、轉子扭轉振動的測量與分析、振動故障診斷技術及治理技術；第三篇為典型振動故障診斷及治理，主要包括質量不平衡的振動故障診斷和處理實例分析、彎曲轉子振動故障診斷和處理實例分析、轉子不對中故障診斷和處理實例分析、動靜碰磨引起的振動故障診斷和處理實例分析、轉子橫向裂紋引起的振動故障診斷和處理實例分析、固定結構振動故障診斷和處理實例分析、軸承座軸向振動故障診斷和處理實例分析、軸系振動穩定性故障診斷和處理實例分析、流體誘發的振動故障診斷和處理實例分析、機網耦合作用下轉軸扭振故障診斷和處理實例分析、振動測量系統故障診斷和處理實例分析。本書結合100多例各種容量汽輪發電機及其輔機設備的現場振動故障和處理實例，進行詳細講解，力求使讀者更容易理解和掌握旋轉機械振動理論和現場振動故障診斷、治理方法。本書緊密聯繫電力生產實際，具有較高的應用價值。
作者簡介
本書由西安熱工研究院牽頭組織編寫，主編張學延為汽輪機部主任，電力行業汽輪機標委會主任，在國內汽輪機振動領域享有盛名，具有豐富的理論和實踐經驗。
名人/編輯推薦
本手冊理論和實踐結合，是從事機組振動診斷的必備工具書，作者團隊為我國電力科研領域的重量級專家，相信業內對本書將有很高的期待。
目次
第一篇 振動基礎分析
第一章 旋轉機械振動基礎理論···························································································2
第一節 振動概述··································································································2
第二節 振動基本概念···························································································4
第三節 振動的合成和諧波分析···········································································9
第四節 振動系統的模型和基本物理參數·························································11
第五節 振動的分類····························································································13
第六節 轉子的撓曲和進動·················································································16
第七節 轉子運動的穩定性·················································································18
第二章 轉子系統橫向振動分析·························································································21
第一節 單自由度系統的振動分析·····································································21
第二節 簡單轉子系統的振動分析·····································································29
第三節 轉子的振動模態·····················································································35
第四節 滑動軸承油膜力及其對轉子運動穩定性的影響··································40
第五節 汽輪機汽流激振力及其對轉子運動穩定性的影響······························47
第六節 汽輪發電機組軸系橫向振動特性計算··················································56
第三章 轉子系統扭轉振動分析·························································································67
第一節 扭轉振動的基本原理及物理參數·························································67
第二節 簡單系統扭轉振動分析·········································································70
第三節 汽輪發電機組軸系扭轉振動特性計算··················································75
第四節 汽輪發電機組軸系扭轉振動安全性分析··············································83
第四章 轉子和軸系現場動平衡理論·················································································89
第一節 轉子動平衡概念·····················································································89
第二節 質量不平衡的類型·················································································92
第三節 剛性轉子的平衡·····················································································93
第四節 撓性轉子的平衡·····················································································95
第五節 平衡臺上的轉子平衡·············································································98
第六節 軸系的平衡··························································································102
第七節 現場軸系高效動平衡的策略與技巧····················································104
第二篇 振動監測和診斷技術
第五章 轉子橫向振動的測量與分析···············································································110
第一節 振動傳感器和振動參量選擇·······························································110
第二節 振動信號分析·······················································································116
第三節 振動數據的特徵分析···········································································122
第四節 振動狀態監測·······················································································135
第五節 振動評價標準·······················································································140
第六節 振動保護設置·······················································································147
第六章 轉子扭轉振動的測量與分析···············································································151
第一節 扭振測量原理和方法···········································································151
第二節 汽輪發電機組扭振試驗·······································································153
第三節 機組軸系扭振的評價···········································································157
第四節 機組軸系扭振在線監測和保護···························································161
第七章 振動故障診斷技術和治理方法···········································································168
第一節 旋轉機械各類典型故障的徵兆和振動特徵········································168
第二節 影響機組振動特性的因素···································································177
第三節 診斷相關的振動試驗···········································································179
第四節 常用的振動故障診斷技術···································································183
第五節 振動故障人工診斷過程·······································································187
第六節 振動故障診斷人員的基本要求···························································190
第七節 機組振動故障匯總及處理方法···························································192
第三篇 典型振動故障診斷及治理
第八章 質量不平衡的振動故障診斷和處理實例分析····················································198
第一節 質量不平衡的產生原因·······································································198
第二節 質量不平衡引起的振動特徵·······························································198
第三節 質量不平衡振動故障的診斷和識別····················································200
第四節 類似質量不平衡振動特徵的其他故障區分········································201
第五節 實例分析·······························································································202
第九章 彎曲轉子振動故障診斷和處理實例分析····························································233
第一節 轉子的彎曲···························································································233
第二節 汽輪機轉子的熱彎曲···········································································236
第三節 發電機轉子的熱彎曲···········································································239
第四節 表面溫差引起的軸頸熱彎曲·······························································243
第五節 汽輪機轉子的漸變式彎曲···································································245
第六節 實例分析······························································································246
第十章 轉子不對中故障診斷和處理實例分析·······························································271
第一節 轉子不對中的分類和產生原因···························································271
第二節 不對中引起的振動特徵·······································································273
第三節 不對中故障的診斷和對策···································································274
第四節 實例分析······························································································275
第十一章 動靜碰摩引起的振動故障診斷和處理實例分析············································288
第一節 動靜碰摩的種類···················································································288
第二節 動靜碰摩的原因分析···········································································289
第三節 摩擦引起的振動現象、機理和特徵····················································290
第四節 機組常發生動靜碰摩部位的分析·······················································292
第五節 動靜碰摩的識別和對策·······································································296
第六節 實例分析······························································································299
第十二章 轉子橫向裂紋引起的振動故障診斷和處理實例分析····································325
第一節 轉子不對稱剛度引起的振動·······························································325
第二節 轉子裂紋的產生和發展過程及原因分析············································328
第三節 橫向裂紋轉子的振動特性···································································331
第四節 轉子橫向裂紋的檢測和運行中裂紋故障的識別································334
第五節 實例分析······························································································337
第十三章 固定結構振動故障診斷和處理實例分析·······················································358
第一節 影響固定結構振動的基本因素···························································358
第二節 支撐軸承座的振動···············································································361
第三節 發電機定子及端蓋軸承振動·······························································363
第四節 立式泵組的結構振動···········································································366
第五節 配管系統、基礎和空冷島結構振動····················································369
第六節 拍振······································································································372
第七節 實例分析······························································································374
第十四章 軸承座軸向振動故障診斷和處理實例分析····················································403
第一節 轉子軸向振動機理···············································································403
第二節 軸承座軸向振動的原因分析·······························································405
第三節 軸向振動的控制和消除·······································································407
第四節 實例分析······························································································408
第十五章 軸系振動穩定性故障診斷和處理實例分析····················································428
第一節 軸系振動穩定性簡述···········································································428
第二節 軸承自激振動·······················································································429
第三節 汽輪機汽流激振···················································································431
第四節 實例分析·······························································································434
第十六章 流體誘發的振動故障診斷和治理實例分析····················································456
第一節 流體誘發的振動···················································································456
第二節 汽蝕引起的振動···················································································458
第三節 紊流引起的振動···················································································459
第四節 旋轉失速和喘振引起的振動·······························································461
第五節閥門的振動·······························································································464
第六節 實例分析·······························································································467
第十七章 機網耦合作用下轉軸扭振故障診斷和處理實例分析····································476
第一節 電廠常見各種電氣擾動下的扭矩分量················································476
第二節 機電系統擾動類型及產生軸系扭振基本形式····································478
第三節 預防和抑制機組軸系扭振的措施························································485
第四節 大型變頻調速風機的扭振故障及其抑制措施····································490
第五節 實例分析·······························································································492
第十八章 振動測量系統故障診斷和治理實例分析························································517
第一節 振動測量系統的機械干擾···································································517
第二節 振動測量系統的電氣干擾···································································519
第三節 測量系統的聲學和其他干擾·······························································520
第四節 振動測量系統的干擾識別和對策························································521
第五節 實例分析·······························································································522
參考文獻······························································································································538
第一章 旋轉機械振動基礎理論···························································································2
第一節 振動概述··································································································2
第二節 振動基本概念···························································································4
第三節 振動的合成和諧波分析···········································································9
第四節 振動系統的模型和基本物理參數·························································11
第五節 振動的分類····························································································13
第六節 轉子的撓曲和進動·················································································16
第七節 轉子運動的穩定性·················································································18
第二章 轉子系統橫向振動分析·························································································21
第一節 單自由度系統的振動分析·····································································21
第二節 簡單轉子系統的振動分析·····································································29
第三節 轉子的振動模態·····················································································35
第四節 滑動軸承油膜力及其對轉子運動穩定性的影響··································40
第五節 汽輪機汽流激振力及其對轉子運動穩定性的影響······························47
第六節 汽輪發電機組軸系橫向振動特性計算··················································56
第三章 轉子系統扭轉振動分析·························································································67
第一節 扭轉振動的基本原理及物理參數·························································67
第二節 簡單系統扭轉振動分析·········································································70
第三節 汽輪發電機組軸系扭轉振動特性計算··················································75
第四節 汽輪發電機組軸系扭轉振動安全性分析··············································83
第四章 轉子和軸系現場動平衡理論·················································································89
第一節 轉子動平衡概念·····················································································89
第二節 質量不平衡的類型·················································································92
第三節 剛性轉子的平衡·····················································································93
第四節 撓性轉子的平衡·····················································································95
第五節 平衡臺上的轉子平衡·············································································98
第六節 軸系的平衡··························································································102
第七節 現場軸系高效動平衡的策略與技巧····················································104
第二篇 振動監測和診斷技術
第五章 轉子橫向振動的測量與分析···············································································110
第一節 振動傳感器和振動參量選擇·······························································110
第二節 振動信號分析·······················································································116
第三節 振動數據的特徵分析···········································································122
第四節 振動狀態監測·······················································································135
第五節 振動評價標準·······················································································140
第六節 振動保護設置·······················································································147
第六章 轉子扭轉振動的測量與分析···············································································151
第一節 扭振測量原理和方法···········································································151
第二節 汽輪發電機組扭振試驗·······································································153
第三節 機組軸系扭振的評價···········································································157
第四節 機組軸系扭振在線監測和保護···························································161
第七章 振動故障診斷技術和治理方法···········································································168
第一節 旋轉機械各類典型故障的徵兆和振動特徵········································168
第二節 影響機組振動特性的因素···································································177
第三節 診斷相關的振動試驗···········································································179
第四節 常用的振動故障診斷技術···································································183
第五節 振動故障人工診斷過程·······································································187
第六節 振動故障診斷人員的基本要求···························································190
第七節 機組振動故障匯總及處理方法···························································192
第三篇 典型振動故障診斷及治理
第八章 質量不平衡的振動故障診斷和處理實例分析····················································198
第一節 質量不平衡的產生原因·······································································198
第二節 質量不平衡引起的振動特徵·······························································198
第三節 質量不平衡振動故障的診斷和識別····················································200
第四節 類似質量不平衡振動特徵的其他故障區分········································201
第五節 實例分析·······························································································202
第九章 彎曲轉子振動故障診斷和處理實例分析····························································233
第一節 轉子的彎曲···························································································233
第二節 汽輪機轉子的熱彎曲···········································································236
第三節 發電機轉子的熱彎曲···········································································239
第四節 表面溫差引起的軸頸熱彎曲·······························································243
第五節 汽輪機轉子的漸變式彎曲···································································245
第六節 實例分析······························································································246
第十章 轉子不對中故障診斷和處理實例分析·······························································271
第一節 轉子不對中的分類和產生原因···························································271
第二節 不對中引起的振動特徵·······································································273
第三節 不對中故障的診斷和對策···································································274
第四節 實例分析······························································································275
第十一章 動靜碰摩引起的振動故障診斷和處理實例分析············································288
第一節 動靜碰摩的種類···················································································288
第二節 動靜碰摩的原因分析···········································································289
第三節 摩擦引起的振動現象、機理和特徵····················································290
第四節 機組常發生動靜碰摩部位的分析·······················································292
第五節 動靜碰摩的識別和對策·······································································296
第六節 實例分析······························································································299
第十二章 轉子橫向裂紋引起的振動故障診斷和處理實例分析····································325
第一節 轉子不對稱剛度引起的振動·······························································325
第二節 轉子裂紋的產生和發展過程及原因分析············································328
第三節 橫向裂紋轉子的振動特性···································································331
第四節 轉子橫向裂紋的檢測和運行中裂紋故障的識別································334
第五節 實例分析······························································································337
第十三章 固定結構振動故障診斷和處理實例分析·······················································358
第一節 影響固定結構振動的基本因素···························································358
第二節 支撐軸承座的振動···············································································361
第三節 發電機定子及端蓋軸承振動·······························································363
第四節 立式泵組的結構振動···········································································366
第五節 配管系統、基礎和空冷島結構振動····················································369
第六節 拍振······································································································372
第七節 實例分析······························································································374
第十四章 軸承座軸向振動故障診斷和處理實例分析····················································403
第一節 轉子軸向振動機理···············································································403
第二節 軸承座軸向振動的原因分析·······························································405
第三節 軸向振動的控制和消除·······································································407
第四節 實例分析······························································································408
第十五章 軸系振動穩定性故障診斷和處理實例分析····················································428
第一節 軸系振動穩定性簡述···········································································428
第二節 軸承自激振動·······················································································429
第三節 汽輪機汽流激振···················································································431
第四節 實例分析·······························································································434
第十六章 流體誘發的振動故障診斷和治理實例分析····················································456
第一節 流體誘發的振動···················································································456
第二節 汽蝕引起的振動···················································································458
第三節 紊流引起的振動···················································································459
第四節 旋轉失速和喘振引起的振動·······························································461
第五節閥門的振動·······························································································464
第六節 實例分析·······························································································467
第十七章 機網耦合作用下轉軸扭振故障診斷和處理實例分析····································476
第一節 電廠常見各種電氣擾動下的扭矩分量················································476
第二節 機電系統擾動類型及產生軸系扭振基本形式····································478
第三節 預防和抑制機組軸系扭振的措施························································485
第四節 大型變頻調速風機的扭振故障及其抑制措施····································490
第五節 實例分析·······························································································492
第十八章 振動測量系統故障診斷和治理實例分析························································517
第一節 振動測量系統的機械干擾···································································517
第二節 振動測量系統的電氣干擾···································································519
第三節 測量系統的聲學和其他干擾·······························································520
第四節 振動測量系統的干擾識別和對策························································521
第五節 實例分析·······························································································522
參考文獻······························································································································538
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