商品簡介
作者簡介
名人/編輯推薦
目次
Unit 1 College and University
Passage 1 Choosing Between a College and a University
Passage 2 Going to College
Passage 3 Harvard University
Passage 4 The Diversity ofMy University Life
Unit 2 Animals
Passage 1 Many Animal Populations Facing Threats
Passage 2 My Speech
Passage 3 0bject to Human Killing Animals
Passage 4 Whales
Unit 3 Diet and Shopping
Passage 1 Soup
Passage 2 Drink Water, Lose Weight
Passage 3 Shopping on Cell-phone
Passage 4 Reducing the Anxiety ofPaying Online
Unit 4 Festivals
Passage 1 Five Questions on the Origins of Christmas
Passaae 2 Easter
Passag 3 Valentine's Day
Passage 4 Double Seventh Festival
Unit 5 Famous People
Passage 1 Helen Keller
Passage 2 A Great Composer
Passage 3 Hero ofthe Black
Passage 4 Steve Jobs
Unit 6 Languages
Passage 1 Efficient Reading
Passage 2 Words Can Give You Power
Passage 3 Words that Camouflage
Passage 4 A Living Language ofEnglish
Unit 7 Science and Technology
Passage 1 Genetic Engineering: for Better or Worse?
Passage 2 Ageism
Passage 3 Improve Your Memory
Passage 4 Science
Unit8 Arts
Passage 1 Four Goals in Our Life
Passage 2 Pandora' s Box
Passage 3 Marianne Moore
Passage 4 That's Life
Keys to Comprehension Exercises
參考文獻·
書摘/試閱
在文章的開頭部分,作者清楚地表明了自己的觀點:“Global warming may or may not bethe great environmental crisis of the 21 st century,but-regardless of whether it is or isn't-wewon't do much about it.”,即關于解決全球變暖的問題,雖然我們做出解決問題的姿態,但這類姿態卻不會訴諸行動。接下來,在文章的第二段,作者批判了美國前副總統戈爾的觀點:“Al Gore calls global warming an'inconvenient truth',as if merely recognizing it could put uson a path to a solution.”,即承認了問題就能解決問題。第三段和第四段的內容比較長,作者列舉了詳細數據論證在未來的50年時間內溫室氣體排放量的增長幅度,彰顯出政府為了各自的利益而置環境問題于不顧。第五段作者具體論述了新技術突破作為全球變暖問題出路的觀點(the only solution is new technology)。最后一段從另一個方面論述了新技術突破作為問題解決辦法的必要性,也就是在道德層面(政府不作為)無法解決的問題,必須從工程(engineering,實際指的是技術革新)的角度去實現突破。
議論文還有另外一種較為普遍的模式,即主張一反主張模式。在這類模式中:作者首先陳述一種社會上普遍認可的觀點,然后批駁這種觀點,最后提出自己的主張或者觀點。
請看下文:
In the 1960s, medical researchers Thomas Holmes and Richard Rahe developed a checklistof stressful events. They appreciated the tricky point that any major change can be stressful.Negative events like "serious illness of a family member" were high on the list, but so weresome positive life-changing events, like marriage. When you take the Holmes-Rahe test youmust remember that the score does not reflect how you deal with stress-it only shows howmuch you have to deal with. And we now know that the way you handle these eventsdramatically affects your chances of staying healthy.
By the early 1970s, hundreds of similar studies had followed Holmes and Rahe. Andmillions of Americans who work and live under stress worried over the reports. Somehow, theresearch got boiled down to a memorable message. Women' s magazines ran headlines like"Stress causes illness!" If you want to stay physically and mentally healthy, the articles said,avoid stressful events.
But such simplistic advice is impossible to follow. Even if stressful events are dangerous,many-like the death of a loved one-are impossible to avoid. Moreover, any warning to avoidall stressful events is a prescription (處方) for staying away from opportunities as well astrouble. Since any change can be stressful, a person who wanted to be completely free of stresswould never marry, have a child, take a new job or move.
The notion that all stress makes you sick also ignores a lot of what we know about people.It assumes we're all vulnerable (脆弱的) and passive in the face of adversity (逆境).But whatabout human initiative and creativity? Many come through periods of stress with more physicaland mental vigor than they had before.
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