英語專業八級專項衝刺：閱讀篇（簡體書）

★ 鄒申：上海外國語大學教授，博士生導師。長期擔任英語專業本科和研究生課程教學，多年來組織并參與高等學校英語專業考試的相關工作及英語專業教學大綱與考試大綱的修訂工作。所主持對的科研項目及主編教材多次獲教研部和上海市教學成果獎。



★ 張艷莉：海外國語大學教授，博士，碩士生導師。多年來，一直從事英語專業本科與研究生課程教學，多次參與英語專業四、八級考試的閱卷及相關工作。曾參與考試大綱的研究與修訂工作。近年來完成教材、論文、教學參考書等多部（篇），參與的科研項目及教材編寫兩次獲上海市教學成果獎。

《沖擊波系列:英語專業8級專項沖刺?閱讀篇》的閱讀選材、命題角度和難度都是在詳細研究歷年真題的基礎上精心打造的，具有極高的仿真度。題型主要包括專八常考的推理判斷題、觀點題、主旨題、詞義題和修辭題等類別，尤其是專八近幾年非常喜歡考的修辭題。

第1部分 Food Health食品安全
TextA面包中含鹽量的警示
TextB安全午餐明智的選擇
TextC美扣押進口的橙汁
Text D美加州禁止在公立中小學內銷售垃圾食品收到效果
第2部分 Inside Health健康類
Text A不要相信天花亂墜的機器人前列腺切除術廣告
TextB癱瘓病人的希望
TcxtC醫療補助計劃改革：藥劑師心中的痛
TextD婚姻不幸福的女人亦或出現健康問題
第3部分 Early Childhood Education早期教育
TcxtA開發讀寫能力：孩子是否識字越早越好？
Tcxt B在家受教育的孩子為什么比上公立學校的學生聰明？
TextC兒童保育費用高昂的危機
TextD為什么我要我的兒子退學？
TextE誰來教我們的孩子？
第1部分 Higher Educatinn 高等教育
TextA新生體重增加的迷思
TeXtB網絡教育最大的威脅：政府監控
TextC工商管理碩士課程的價值
TextD移民到紐約的富人青睞公立學校
TextE反對標準化測試
TextF教育需要數字化升級
第5部分 Society社會類
TextA養老金政策的轉變
Text B英國莎士比亞戲劇節“從環球劇場走向全世界”
TextC19世紀神秘消失的“鬼船”
TextD美停止遣返部分非法移民
TextE為何找不到好員工？
TextF教育經費縮減，西班牙教師罷工
第6部分 Culture文化類
TextA散居者神話
TextB激進時髦派
TextC當好人干壞事
TextD我的噩夢中可以看見那些死囚
TextE所有的葡萄酒都如出一轍嗎？
第7部分Science and Technology科學技術
TextA變化之水
TextB黑莓季節
TextC沉默是金
第8部分Economy and Network經濟網絡
TextA臉譜網：錢途無量
TextB調查谷歌：規范網絡競爭
TextC新型律師事務所
TextD大商業彰顯社區精神
Text E如果蘋果的新筆記本沒有視網膜屏會怎樣？
TextF剪切板：網絡分享新時尚
第9部分Politics and Finance政治財經
TextA調整央行利率？讓領導們頭疼去吧！
TextB美降低利率令人震驚
TextC希拉里任財長？
TextD來自圖珀洛的信
第10部分 Literature文學作品
TextA送友人
TextB給青年人的忠告
TextC夜鶯與玫瑰
TextD英國國民性格鎖談
TextE母親
TextF論友誼
TextG無處藏身，追殺本拉登

The study team had communicated with 276 couples via questionnaires on various aspectsof their marriages, including positive ones such as mutual support and sharing, as well as negative ones such as arguments, hostile feelings and disagreements. The study subjects, who wereaged 32 to 76 (median age 54), were also asked about symptoms of depression. On average, thecouples had been married for more than 27 years, and most were in their first marriage.
According to the study team, which was led by Nancy Henry, a doctoral candidate in clinicalpsychology at the University of Utah, the negativity of the unhappy marriages contributed to depression, which was then linked with the physical symptoms that were part of metabolic syndrome.These include high bloOd pressure, high triglyceride levels, unhealthy cholesterol profiles, belly fat,and high levels of blood sugar, which are risk factors for heart disease, stroke and diabetes.
Interestingly, though, while men in unhappy marriages were as likely as their female counterparts to be hit by depression, the link with physical health issues only applied to the women in thestudy. Although the exact reason was not clear, according to Henry, this could be because womenmay be more affected by the marriage problems than men.
One thing to note about the study is that most of the subjects may be Mormons, and wouldthus be less likely than persons practicing other religions to get a divorce. This means they aremore likely to stick through unhappy unions.
Another researcher looking into similar areas, Debra Umberson, a professor of sociology at theUniversity of Texas in Austin, found similar negative effects of unhappy marriages on health. Thedifference between men and women, however, was not evident in her research. "Basically, we findthat marital strain undermines the health of men and women," she said. According to her, it waspossible that the men in the Utah study may have encountered health problems in other areas.
Nieca Goldberg, a cardiologist and the medical director of New York University's Women'sHeart Program, summed up the importance of the Utah study's findings when she said: "I thinkwe've got to get used to the fact that a toxic relationship is toxic to your whole health."
What, then, should those in unhappy marriages do? Each of the experts had something useful to offer.
Firstly, Umberson pointed out the importance of finding the right partner. "Choose your partner carefully. A strained marriage is bad for your health," she said. And she added that those whowere already in problematic marriages should focus on confliction reduction.
Henry also said that divorce was not necessarily the answer. "We can't really say 'Dump yourspouse, and you'll be fine,'" she said. She added that there were many other factors which playeda part in health, and that the more pertinent question was whether we wanted to treat physicalsymptoms, or look at the patient as a whole person.
Regarding looking at patients holistically, Goldberg concurred. A couple of tips she gave toimprove emotional health were being in supportive environments and undertaking delegation."You can't have a to-do list with 20 things on it if you can only do five," she said. Exercise alsohelps for stress reduction, while those who need help should seek counseling. "Talk to someone,"she said. These are simple pieces of advice which could go a long way.