滿額折
船舶交通管理系統（簡體書）
- 系列名：普通學校航海與海事類專業系列教材
- ISBN13：9787562938408
- 出版社：武漢理工大學出版社
- 作者：胡衛東
- 裝訂／頁數：平裝／274頁
- 規格：23.5cm*16.8cm (高/寬)
- 出版日：2012/12/01
人民幣定價：32 元
定 價：NT$ 192 元
優惠價：87 折 167 元
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《普通學校航海與海事類專業系列教材:船舶交通管理系統》由VTS業務篇、VTS規劃決策篇、VTS設備篇三部分組成。VTS業務篇包含緒論、規劃VTS、構建VTS、AIS、VTS人員、運行VTS等六章；VTS規劃決策篇包括風險決策方法簡介、風險的分類及風險分析等三章；VTS設備篇包括VTS的基本組成、雷達子系統、VHF通信子系統、信息傳輸子系統、雷達數據處理子系統、新技術在VTS中的應用等六章。《普通學校航海與海事類專業系列教材:船舶交通管理系統》共計十五章。
名人/編輯推薦
《普通學校航海與海事類專業系列教材:船舶交通管理系統》面向海事管理專業本科生，是教育部海事管理專業卓越工程師培養計劃系列教材之一，也可作為航海技術專業本科生、交通信息工程及控制專業研究生參考教材、VTS操作員、VTS維修工程師自學參考用書。
目次
PART Ⅰ VTS Services
1 Introduction
2 Planning a VTS
2.1 FACTORS TO BE TAKEN INTO ACCOUNT WHEN CONSIDERING VTS
2.1.1 General
2.1.2 Development and Procurement
2.1.3 Inception Phase
2.1.4 Feasibility and Design Study Phase
2.1.5 Risk Assessment Phase
2.1.6 Cost/Benefit Phase
2.1.7 Implementation Phase
2.1.8 Evaluation Phase
2.2 SERVICE AND OPERATING OPTIONS
2.2.1 Service Options
2.2.2 Information Service
2.2.3 Navigational Assistance Service
2.2.4 Traffic Organisation Service
2.2.5 Operating Rules and Regulations
2.2.6 Co-operation with Allied Services,Port Operations,Emergency Services and adjacent VTS
2.3 TECHNICAL OPTIONS
2.3.1 Data Collection
2.3.2 Data Evaluation
2.3.3 Data Dissemination
2.4 LEGAL CONSIDERATIONS
2.4.1 General
2.4.2 Authority
2.4.3 Relationship between VTS and Vessels
2.4.4 Liability
2.5 VTS IN INLAND WATERS
3 Structuring a VTS
3.1 OPERATING PRINCIPLES ＆ METHODS
3.1.1 Principles
3.1.2 Methods
3.2 PROVISION OF FACILITIES
3.2.1 Infrastructure to Support a VTS
3.2.2 Operational Aspects of the Infrastructure
3.2.3 Technical Aspects of the Infrastructure
3.2.4 Administrative Aspects of the Infrastructure
3.3 PROVISION OF EQUIPMENT
3.3.1 General
3.3.2 Division of a VTS Area into Sub-areas or Sectors
3.3.3 Surveillance Requirements for the VTS Area
3.3.4 Communication Requirements
3.3.5 Additional Equipment
3.3.6 Availability and Reliability of Equipment
3.3.7 Selection of Equipment
3.3.8 Documentation
4 AIS-A VTS Tool
4.1 GENERAL
4.2 BENEFITS OF AIS
4.2.1 Automatic Vessel Identification
4.2.2 VHF Communications
4.2.3 Improved Vessel Tracking
4.3 INSTALLATION OF AIS INTO A VTS-ISSUES TO BE CONSIDERED
4.3.1 Number/Location of Base Stations/Repeaters
4.3.2 Operability with Adjacent VTS Organizations
4.3.3 Availability of Suitable VHF Communications Channels
4.3.4 Availability of national/regional/local DGNSS corrections
4.4 OTHER ISSUES TO BE TAKEN INTO CONSIDERATION
4.4.1 Integration of AIS into Existing Radar-based Systems
4.4.2 Use of Electronic Charts
4.4.3 Choice of VTS Symbols
4.5 AIS AND AIDS TO NAVIGATION
4.6 AIS FOR METEOROLOGICAL AND HYDROLOGICAL INFORMATION
4.7 SHORT TERM ACTION BY VTS AUTHORITIES
5 VTS Personnel
5.1 INTRODUCTION
5.2 RECOMMENDATION V-103 ON STANDARDS FOR TRAINING AND CERTIFICATION OF VTS PERSONNEL
5.2.1 Job Descriptions
5.2.2 Selection and Recruiting
5.2.3 Training
5.2.4 Competence Charts
5.3 MODEL COURSES
5.3.1 General
5.3.2 Basic and Advancement Training
5.3.3 On-the-Job Training
5.4 ACCREDITATION OF TRAINING INSTITUTES
5.5 CERTIFICATION OF EXISTING VTS PERSONNEL
5.6 STAFFING LEVEL
5.6.1 The Comparison of Outcomes against the VTS Service Level Agreement
5.6.2 The Optimum Time that a VTS Operator/Supervisor Should Spend at a Workstation
5.6.3 The extent of Machine Assistance Available to the Operator/Supervisor
5.6.4 Communication Requirements
5.6.5 The Ability of the Staff on Duty to Deal with Emergencies and Unplanned Events
5.6.6 The Risks of Poor Performance Associated with Workload Stress
6 Operating a VTS
6.2 ADMINISTRATION AND SUPPORT
6.2.1 Introduction
6.2.2 Administration
6.2.3 Support Activity
6.3 QUALITY CONTROL
6.3.1 General
6.3.2 Practices and Procedures
6.4 EXTERNAL RELATIONS
6.4.1 General
6.4.2 Provision of Information
6.4.3 Public Relations Programme
6.5 CO-OPERATION WITH ALLIED SERVICES AND EMERGENCY SERVICES
6.5.1 Pilotage
6.5.2 Emergency Services
PART Ⅱ APPLICATION OF RISK-BASED DECISION MAKING ON PLANNING VTS
Introduction
1 Risk-based Decision-making in Planning for a VTS
1.1 SAFETY AND RISK
1.2 TRADITIONAL APPROACH TO MAKING DECISIONS CONCERNING MARI-TIME SAFETY
1.3 RISK-BASED DECISION-MAKING(RBDM)
1.4 VESSEL TRAFFIC SERVICE(VTS)
1.5 FORMAL SAFETY ASSESSMENT(FSA)
2 Identification of Risks and Hazards
2.1 DEFINE PROBLEM
2.1.1 VTS vessels
2.1.2 Types of VTS
2.1.3 Traffic rules and regulations
2.1.4 Risk to Be Considered
2.1.5 Geographical Boundaries
2.1.6 Determination of Risk
2.2 IDENTIFICATION OF RISKS AND HAZARDS
2.2.1 Local Traffic Hazards
2.2.2 Geographical Division
2.2.3 Preliminary Rank of Sub-areas
2.2.4 Preliminary Evaluation of Local Accidents
2.2.5 Comparison and Combination
2.2.6 Conclusion
Risk Analysis
3.1 RISK ESTIMATION
3.1.1 Recommended Models for Risk Estimation
3.1.2 Risk Index Approach for Risk Estimation
3.2 RISK EVALUATION
3.2.1 Stakeholders Involved in Planning VTS
3.2.2 Risk Perceptions
3.2.3 Evaluation of Risk Acceptability/Tolerability
……
PART Ⅲ VTS Equipment
References
1 Introduction
2 Planning a VTS
2.1 FACTORS TO BE TAKEN INTO ACCOUNT WHEN CONSIDERING VTS
2.1.1 General
2.1.2 Development and Procurement
2.1.3 Inception Phase
2.1.4 Feasibility and Design Study Phase
2.1.5 Risk Assessment Phase
2.1.6 Cost/Benefit Phase
2.1.7 Implementation Phase
2.1.8 Evaluation Phase
2.2 SERVICE AND OPERATING OPTIONS
2.2.1 Service Options
2.2.2 Information Service
2.2.3 Navigational Assistance Service
2.2.4 Traffic Organisation Service
2.2.5 Operating Rules and Regulations
2.2.6 Co-operation with Allied Services,Port Operations,Emergency Services and adjacent VTS
2.3 TECHNICAL OPTIONS
2.3.1 Data Collection
2.3.2 Data Evaluation
2.3.3 Data Dissemination
2.4 LEGAL CONSIDERATIONS
2.4.1 General
2.4.2 Authority
2.4.3 Relationship between VTS and Vessels
2.4.4 Liability
2.5 VTS IN INLAND WATERS
3 Structuring a VTS
3.1 OPERATING PRINCIPLES ＆ METHODS
3.1.1 Principles
3.1.2 Methods
3.2 PROVISION OF FACILITIES
3.2.1 Infrastructure to Support a VTS
3.2.2 Operational Aspects of the Infrastructure
3.2.3 Technical Aspects of the Infrastructure
3.2.4 Administrative Aspects of the Infrastructure
3.3 PROVISION OF EQUIPMENT
3.3.1 General
3.3.2 Division of a VTS Area into Sub-areas or Sectors
3.3.3 Surveillance Requirements for the VTS Area
3.3.4 Communication Requirements
3.3.5 Additional Equipment
3.3.6 Availability and Reliability of Equipment
3.3.7 Selection of Equipment
3.3.8 Documentation
4 AIS-A VTS Tool
4.1 GENERAL
4.2 BENEFITS OF AIS
4.2.1 Automatic Vessel Identification
4.2.2 VHF Communications
4.2.3 Improved Vessel Tracking
4.3 INSTALLATION OF AIS INTO A VTS-ISSUES TO BE CONSIDERED
4.3.1 Number/Location of Base Stations/Repeaters
4.3.2 Operability with Adjacent VTS Organizations
4.3.3 Availability of Suitable VHF Communications Channels
4.3.4 Availability of national/regional/local DGNSS corrections
4.4 OTHER ISSUES TO BE TAKEN INTO CONSIDERATION
4.4.1 Integration of AIS into Existing Radar-based Systems
4.4.2 Use of Electronic Charts
4.4.3 Choice of VTS Symbols
4.5 AIS AND AIDS TO NAVIGATION
4.6 AIS FOR METEOROLOGICAL AND HYDROLOGICAL INFORMATION
4.7 SHORT TERM ACTION BY VTS AUTHORITIES
5 VTS Personnel
5.1 INTRODUCTION
5.2 RECOMMENDATION V-103 ON STANDARDS FOR TRAINING AND CERTIFICATION OF VTS PERSONNEL
5.2.1 Job Descriptions
5.2.2 Selection and Recruiting
5.2.3 Training
5.2.4 Competence Charts
5.3 MODEL COURSES
5.3.1 General
5.3.2 Basic and Advancement Training
5.3.3 On-the-Job Training
5.4 ACCREDITATION OF TRAINING INSTITUTES
5.5 CERTIFICATION OF EXISTING VTS PERSONNEL
5.6 STAFFING LEVEL
5.6.1 The Comparison of Outcomes against the VTS Service Level Agreement
5.6.2 The Optimum Time that a VTS Operator/Supervisor Should Spend at a Workstation
5.6.3 The extent of Machine Assistance Available to the Operator/Supervisor
5.6.4 Communication Requirements
5.6.5 The Ability of the Staff on Duty to Deal with Emergencies and Unplanned Events
5.6.6 The Risks of Poor Performance Associated with Workload Stress
6 Operating a VTS
6.2 ADMINISTRATION AND SUPPORT
6.2.1 Introduction
6.2.2 Administration
6.2.3 Support Activity
6.3 QUALITY CONTROL
6.3.1 General
6.3.2 Practices and Procedures
6.4 EXTERNAL RELATIONS
6.4.1 General
6.4.2 Provision of Information
6.4.3 Public Relations Programme
6.5 CO-OPERATION WITH ALLIED SERVICES AND EMERGENCY SERVICES
6.5.1 Pilotage
6.5.2 Emergency Services
PART Ⅱ APPLICATION OF RISK-BASED DECISION MAKING ON PLANNING VTS
Introduction
1 Risk-based Decision-making in Planning for a VTS
1.1 SAFETY AND RISK
1.2 TRADITIONAL APPROACH TO MAKING DECISIONS CONCERNING MARI-TIME SAFETY
1.3 RISK-BASED DECISION-MAKING(RBDM)
1.4 VESSEL TRAFFIC SERVICE(VTS)
1.5 FORMAL SAFETY ASSESSMENT(FSA)
2 Identification of Risks and Hazards
2.1 DEFINE PROBLEM
2.1.1 VTS vessels
2.1.2 Types of VTS
2.1.3 Traffic rules and regulations
2.1.4 Risk to Be Considered
2.1.5 Geographical Boundaries
2.1.6 Determination of Risk
2.2 IDENTIFICATION OF RISKS AND HAZARDS
2.2.1 Local Traffic Hazards
2.2.2 Geographical Division
2.2.3 Preliminary Rank of Sub-areas
2.2.4 Preliminary Evaluation of Local Accidents
2.2.5 Comparison and Combination
2.2.6 Conclusion
Risk Analysis
3.1 RISK ESTIMATION
3.1.1 Recommended Models for Risk Estimation
3.1.2 Risk Index Approach for Risk Estimation
3.2 RISK EVALUATION
3.2.1 Stakeholders Involved in Planning VTS
3.2.2 Risk Perceptions
3.2.3 Evaluation of Risk Acceptability/Tolerability
……
PART Ⅲ VTS Equipment
References
書摘/試閱
當已知雷達有關技術參數以及目標有效散射面積，計算出沒有大氣衰減情況的最大作用距離Rmaxf以后，再按照給定的氣象條件和雷達工作波長、查出在大氣中由于各種因素造成的衰減的總和δ（每單位距離所造成總衰減的分貝數），在圖中查出相應的yR值，便可確定大氣衰減情況下的最大作用距離，即Rmax=yR Rmaxf。
（3）考慮反射信號和噪聲的起伏特性條件下的雷達最大作用距離
前面討論的雷達方程中，各有關參量被看作是確定的。實際上目標反射特性和接收機內部噪聲都具有隨機特性，因此，雷達觀測問題必須用概率論和隨機過程的理論來研究。也就是說，雷達最大作用距離必須用一定的虛警概率和發現概率數值來描述。
虛警概率表示在無目標反射信號而僅有噪聲時，噪聲電平超過檢測門限而被誤認為信號則構成虛警，噪聲電平超過檢測門限的概率即為虛警概率。發現概率表示當存在目標反射信號時，信號加噪聲超過檢測門限的概率即為發現概率。
視頻積累輸出以后的虛警概率和發現概率的計算比較復雜，有關文獻給出了以虛警概率為參變量在一定發現概率條件下的脈沖積累數與信噪功率比（即識別系數）的曲線。如已知脈沖積累數，按給定的虛警概率和發現概率便可查出相應的識別系數，從而計算雷達最大作用距離。天線每掃描一周，天線波束照射目標時，所能收到的目標回波數，即為脈沖積累數。令θA為天線水平波束半功率點寬度（°），ΩA為天線轉速（°／s），F為脈沖重復頻率，并且考慮到天線水平波束多呈高斯形，回波信號振幅受到鐘形調制，則將鐘形調制的脈沖串變換為等效的等幅脈沖串時得到的脈沖積累數ne為
ne=0.5θAF/ΩA
根據計算出的等效脈沖積累數，再由給定的累積檢測的虛警概率Pf和發現概率Pd，即可查出相應的識別系數進行雷達最大作用距離的計算：
如目標類型已知，計算了脈沖積累數之后，便可按給定的發現概率和虛警概率，從圖中的相應曲線中查得識別系數m的分貝值，變換為最小信噪功率比值，便可按雷達方程計算出最大作用距離。
綜上所述，估算雷達最大作用距離的步驟為：
第一步：計算等效脈沖積累數ne。
第二步：確定識別系數m。
按給定的目標類型、給定的發現概率和虛警概率，由計算的脈沖積累數，查出相應的識別系數，并從分貝值變換為信噪功率比之值。
第三步：計算門限功率Pr min。
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