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2.在國際市場商品價格有哪幾種呢?
How many types of prices are applied in international markets?And what are they?
答:主要有五種:一是成交價格。該價格除了反映一般行情變化外,有時還反映某些特別條件。如價格的高低、成交額多少、商品品質的好壞、支付條件以及買賣雙方的業務關系等。通常,成交價格與成交額的大小、業務關系的長短成反比,與商品品質成正比。二是交易所價格。交易所是一種有組織的市場,許多大宗初級產品都是通過這種特殊的渠道進行的。交易所進行的交易分兩種:實物交易和期貨交易。交易所價格主要是由供求的自發波動決定的,其成交價格常被稱為世界價格,是許多國家簽訂合同確定價格的主要依據。交易所的現貨和期貨價格對于分析和預測大宗初級產品的市場價格具有重要作用。三是拍賣價格。它是一種現貨成交價,不附帶任何其他條件,能反映某些商品市場行情的變化和水平。四是開標價格。某一國家或大企業為購進大批物資,有時以公布方式向世界承銷商招標,通過招標而成交。成交的價格往往低于一般成交價格。五是參考價格。是指經常在各種期刊和批發價格表上公布的價格,只能起參考作用,實際成交價格等于參考價格減去折扣或加上漲價的部分。
There are 5 major types:A.Transaction Price.It can reflect normal market fluctuations,and some other special conditions such as market price,business volumes,goods quality,payment terms,and business relations between buyers and sellers.Transaction Price is usually inversely proportional to business volumes and relations,and directly proportional to goods quality.B.Exchange Price.An exchange is an organized market through which many primary bulk commodities are transacted.Transactions in an exchange can be categorized into actuals and futures:Exchange price is principally determined by spontaneous fluctuations in supply and demand.Its closing price is often called as world price,which makes it,for many countaies,one of the major factors that decide prices in contract-making.Thus,it (exchange price of both actuals and futures) is of great importance in analyzing and predicting the price of primary bulk commodities.C.Auction Price.Since it's a kind of spot price without any other additional conditions,it is more liable to reflect the goods' current market and its fluctuations.D.Tenders Price.Sometimes when a nation Or a big enterprise intends to purchase large quantities of goods,it can reach the deal by inviting a public bidding to underwriters around the world,which more often makes tenders price lower than the average transaction price.E.Indication Price.
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